C program to count size of binary tree

Given a binary tree write a C program to count size of binary tree.

For example the size of  binary tree is 4 in below binary tree.

            (3)
           /  \
         (5)  (6)
         /
        (2)

C program to count size of binary tree

#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>

typedef struct node
{
		int value;
		struct node* left;
		struct node* right;
}Tree;

Tree* make_node(int value)
{
	Tree* newNode = (Tree*) malloc(sizeof(Tree));
	newNode->value = value;
	newNode->left = NULL;
	newNode->right = NULL;
	return newNode;
}

void free_memory(Tree* root)
{
	if(root == NULL) return;
	free_memory(root->left);
	free_memory(root->right);
	free(root);
}

Tree* insert(Tree* root, int value)
{
	if (root == NULL) return root = make_node(value);

	else
	{
		if(!root->left) root->left = insert(root->left, value);
		else
		root->right = insert(root->right, value);
	}

	return root;
}

// recursive method to count size of binary tree
int size_of_tree(Tree* root)
{
	// Base condition, if node is null return 0
	if (root == NULL) return 0;

	return 1 + size_of_tree(root->right) + size_of_tree(root->left);
}

int main()
{
	Tree* root = NULL;
	root = insert(root, 3);
	insert(root, 5);
	insert(root, 6);
	insert(root, 2);

	int size = size_of_tree(root);

	printf("Size of Tree is %d\n",size);

	// deallocate memory
	free_memory(root);

	return 0;
}

output: Size of Tree is 4

How it works

// recursive method to count size of binary tree
int size_of_tree(Tree* root)
{
	// Base condition, if node is null return 0
	if (root == NULL) return 0;

	return 1 + size_of_tree(root->right) + size_of_tree(root->left);
}

• The total number of nodes in a binary tree is the number of nodes in the root’s left subtree, plus the number of nodes in its right subtree, plus one.

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